The term 'economic agents' refers to which groups?

• A. Households
• B. Firms
• C. Government
• D. All of the above

Answer: (D)

The idea being tested is that economic agents are the decision-makers in an economy who influence how resources are allocated. The main groups that act as these decision-makers are households, firms and the government. Households decide what to buy and what to supply—like labour and capital—in return for income. Firms decide what to produce, how to produce it, and how to use resources to maximise profits. The government collects taxes, provides public services, and sets policies that affect prices, incentives, and resource use. Each of these groups plays a distinct role in shaping demand, production, and the overall allocation of resources. Because the term covers all of these key players, the best answer is that all of the above.